Prostatitis

Prostatitis is characterized by inflammation of the tissue of the prostate gland, which occurs as a result of the development of obstruction.

It is the most common urological disease among men of all ages in the modern world. According to statistics, after the age of 30, prostatitis affects 30% of the male population, after 40 - 40%, after 50 - 50% and progressive prostatitis.

However, given the nature of the diagnosis and the possibility of the latent course of the disease, the real numbers are higher.

Reasons for development

Currently, the causes of prostatitis are divided into two main groups:

1. Infectious - (sexually transmitted infections (penetration of the affected prostate tissue - germs, viruses, bacteria, fungi, etc. ): as well as the presence of chronic foci of infection (chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis, renal pathology), operations on the pelvic organs, etc. ).
2. Non-infectious (stagnant) (decreased immunity, hypothermia, decreased physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, prolonged abstinence from sexual intercourse and vice versa, excessive sexual activity, alcohol abuse, etc. ).

Injuries, disorders of blood and lymph circulation in the pelvic organs, hormonal disorders (absolute or relative androgen deficiency) contribute to the development of prostatitis.

Thus, it is emphasized that the pathogen does not always have isolated entry into the tissues of the body and may not be the cause of the development of the disease. The most commonly identified pathogens are Escherichia coli (86%), followed by Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. As for streptococci, staphylococci, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, researchers differ on their importance in the development of the disease. It is very rare for specific pathogens (pale treponema, Cox's disease, etc. ) to cause prostatitis.

Classification

Currently, the international classification of prostatitis is accepted, which is the most complete and covers all types of inflammation:

1. Category I. Acute prostatitis;
2. Category II. Chronic bacterial prostatitis;
3. Category III. Non-bacterial Chronic Prostatitis / Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome - a disease in which no infection has been detected for more than 3 months;
• Subcategory III A. Chronic inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome (leukocytes are detected in the secretion of the prostate);
• Subcategory III B. Chronic non-inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome (no leukocytes in the secretion of the prostate);
• Category IV. Symptomatic chronic prostatitis (leukocytes are secreted by the prostate, the patient does not complain, the disease is detected by chance).

The first signs

The main symptoms of acute prostatitis are an increase in body temperature and frequent urination, accompanied by cramps and low blood pressure. In addition, symptoms of prostatitis include a burning sensation in the perineum and pain in the rectum during bowel movements. In the stage of purulent inflammation, spontaneous opening of the abscess and pus from the urethra or rectum are likely.

Symptoms of a chronic form include burning in the urethra and perineum, discharge of pus at the end of the act of defecation or urination, and increased fatigue and irritability of the body.

Complications of urinary incontinence with prostatitis are very dangerous, which can lead to acute urinary retention if not treated in time. Men should ignore the indirect symptoms of prostatitis, such as a complete or partial decrease in libido, accelerated ejaculation, and sometimes painful, prolonged erections at night. All of these symptoms are characteristic of inflammation of the prostate gland, even at a uncomplicated stage and require adequate treatment.

Symptoms

While it is simply impossible to ignore acute prostatitis, many in chronic prostatitis do not see certain symptoms or pay special attention to them.

Here are the main symptoms of prostatitis in men:

1. Problems with urination. The jet may be slow, thin, or intermittent due to narrowing of the urethra. The patient should make an effort to discharge, this should not be normal. Sometimes it is necessary to squeeze the urine drop by drop, in the true sense of the word, especially in the early stages of urination. Painful feelings often occur. Many patients have frequent urges to urinate (especially at night), which is associated with irritation of the nerve endings. Even after going to the toilet, many people feel that the bladder is not completely emptied, due to the enlargement of the prostate and compression of the bladder. In severe cases, forced urination or urinary incontinence may occur.
2. Painful feelings. As a rule, they are localized in the perineum, pubis or testicles, groin or lumbar region. The pain can occur suddenly and pass quickly, often quite intensely, but more often it has a dull or painful character.
3. Sexual problems will inevitably arise. First, libido will be significantly reduced. Second, erection problems can occur. Third, the average duration of sexual intercourse will change due to problems with ejaculation (ejaculation): it may be short due to premature ejaculation or, conversely, it may be too long due to delayed ejaculation. Fourth, the feelings will also change, because the orgasm will not be bright. Fifth, the volume of sperm will be significantly reduced (only a few drops can be released, which is not normal).
4. Another characteristic symptom is problems with conception. If a man is planning to have a child, with prostatitis, fertilization becomes impossible due to sperm inactivity or insufficient motility.
5. Discharge from the urethra. They are usually white in color and have a mucous texture, and are most common in the morning.
6. In the acute course there is an increase in body temperature (up to 38-39 °), fever, worsening of the general condition, weakness, malaise and other similar manifestations. These symptoms of prostatitis usually appear suddenly and unconditionally.

In addition, many have psychological problems associated with the symptoms listed above. A man may feel insecure, have low self-esteem, become depressed, or become irritable and irritable. Many members of the stronger sex are ashamed of such subtle problems and do not feel the need to talk about them, keeping everything to themselves. And it puts a lot of pressure on the psyche, changes behavior and in some cases can lead to depression or nervous disorders.

Chronic prostatitis

Many men do not pay much attention to the early manifestations of prostatitis. These are invisible painful sensations in the bladder area, often the desire to go to the toilet. Disorders of normal ejaculation and erection are associated with stronger sexual intercourse with age and do not rush to the doctor. Such a careless attitude leads to the development of chronic prostatitis.

Thus, we list the common symptoms of various forms of chronic prostatitis:

1. Discomfort during urination or sexual intercourse and incisions in the urethra, small serous-purulent discharge from the urinary tract (mainly after prolonged retention of urine).
2. Alcohol, physical activity, "pains" in the perineal region that occur or worsen after sexual intercourse, and discomfort and / or moderate pain in the form of heaviness. Sometimes they are transient paroxysmal in nature.
3. Increased secretion acidity, decreased or no sperm motility, and decreased fertility due to agglutination (adhesion) by their heads.
4. Sudden frequent urination (sometimes up to 3 times in 1 hour) and a feeling of insufficient emptying of the bladder, which is explained by a violation of the nervous regulation of the prostate gland, its muscle fibers and the bladder.
5. Pain or vague orgasmic sensations during orgasm, ejaculatory disorders are expressed before its time or, conversely, during the extreme period of sexual intercourse. These events are associated with scarring as a result of an inflammatory process or inflammation in the seminal tubercle region.

It is necessary to consult a urologist to diagnose the disease. With the help of tests, the doctor diagnoses and prescribes a course of medication.

Diagnostics

To make an accurate diagnosis, a man must be examined and tested by a doctor. A patient with prostatitis experiences pain on palpation in the perineal region. Internal palpation of the rectum shows swelling in the prostate gland, which is tight to the touch. The patient complains of problems with the genitourinary system. After collecting the anamnesis, the patient should undergo a detailed blood test for excess protein, increased leukocyte count and prostatic antigen.

To rule out infection, the patient should take a swab from the urethra. The laboratory will inoculate the identified bacteria and test their sensitivity to certain types of antibiotics. Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs is performed for an accurate picture. Clearly shows inflammation and enlargement of the prostate. If the gland is strongly enlarged, you can see the presence of residual urine in the bladder on ultrasound.

After all the tests and examinations, the man will be fully diagnosed and prescribed treatment.

Drugs for the treatment of prostatitis in men: list

Complex treatment of different types of prostatitis can include different combinations of the following methods:

• immunocorrective therapy;
• antibiotic therapy;
• hormone therapy;
• various physiotherapy procedures;
• prostate massage;
• lifestyle changes;
• surgical intervention, etc.

Drug treatment of prostatitis includes a variety of medications, including antibiotics:

• alpha blockers;
• hormonal drugs;
• muscle relaxant;
• immunomodulators;
• rectal suppositories;
• antibacterial preparations.

Fluoroquinolones and macrolides are preferred during antibiotic treatment because they can accumulate in prostate tissues in the required concentration.

• Fluoroquinols.
• Macrolides.
• Less commonly used: penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines.

Prostate massage

Prostate massage gives good results. The diaper has a complex effect. First of all, it is possible to remove the secretion of inflammation accumulated in the prostate (released during massage). Improving blood circulation through these manipulations helps to combat any stagnation, as well as helps antibiotics to penetrate well into the tissue of the gland.

A set of exercises

Exercises for the prostate:

1. An exercise that is not difficult at all is used for both treatment and prevention. It consists of squeezing and relaxing the muscles of the anus. It is these muscles that are responsible for maintaining the flow of urine. Try to flex and open a muscle group. This will increase blood flow to the gland area.
2. Use a contrast shower to improve blood circulation. To do this, direct the flow of water to the perineum. First very hot water for 30 seconds, then cool for 10 seconds.
3. In the absence of acute symptoms, you can massage yourself. This is done to improve blood flow. Training is best done while lying down. The point for massage is the space between the anus and scrotum. Pressures should be firm, but not aggressive. Time is 3-5 minutes.

Be sure to consult your doctor before exercising. Sometimes their use is strictly unacceptable.

Immunocorrection

Decreased immunity has a negative impact on health.

This factor is one of the main factors in the development and exacerbation of the disease. Long-term courses of antibiotics, which are mandatory for long-term prostatitis, also reduce the body's defenses. Therefore, the patient is advised to consult an immunologist to select a strategy for immunocorrection.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy for chronic prostatitis is aimed at activating blood circulation.

For this purpose, the patient is exposed to lasers, ultrasound, magnetic vibrations are used. In some cases, these procedures are replaced by regular hot enemas given to the patient. Recommend sitting baths, mud treatments, mineral water.

Candles

It has one of the properties of all suppositories for the treatment of prostatitis: relieve pain (non-steroidal drugs), relieve spasms (based on papaverine), eliminate the inflammatory process (contains an antibiotic).

Alternative methods of treatment of prostatitis

Treatment of prostatitis at home is carried out only with uncomplicated forms or chronic relapses. Traditional methods can increase the body's resistance to infection and relieve pain.

1. Pumpkin seeds have long been used by healers in the treatment of prostatitis. They are a good and very convenient folk remedy for this situation. These seeds contain a lot of zinc, which is necessary for every man at any age, so they quickly cure prostatitis. You only need to eat 30 seeds a day before meals. This is the daily ratio of zinc to the body.
2. The seeds and roots of the plant are compatible. The crushed roots of the plant are boiled in 1 liter of water at the rate of half a cup of raw material for 10 minutes. The whole amount of broth is drunk in equal parts instead of water. The seeds are brewed in 4 teaspoons in a glass of boiling water. Insist 40 minutes in a pot or 15 minutes in a thermos. Consume about 3-5 times a day for one tablespoon.
3. The main ingredient is hazelnuts. For the treatment of prostatitis, it is necessary to remove the bark or leaves of hazelnuts. You can brew both ingredients in turn. Remember that the bark is harder, so it must be brewed twice. So, take a tablespoon of hazelnut leaves (or peel) and boil it in a glass of boiling water. Close the lid tightly and wait for half an hour. Then strain and take 1/4 cup 4 times a day. It is better to use fresh twigs every time, but you can also use those that have already been used several times. Usually a week of such procedures is enough - and prostatitis disappears.
4. Candles stored in the freezer are made to treat the disease. For the dough, take 1 teaspoon of honey, 1 egg and about 3 tablespoons of flour. The components are mixed until smooth, candles are formed. In two courses, 1 piece is used in the morning and evening for 1 month with an interval of 10 days.
5. Celandine is used with caution. The plant is poisonous, and overdose can cause severe poisoning. In parallel, celandine will cleanse the body of polyps, neoplasms, cysts and prevent prostate adenoma. Freshly squeezed water is diluted with alcohol in equal parts. Drink diluted in 50 ml of water daily. Start treatment with 1 drop every day for 60 days, increasing the concentration by 1 drop. The course is repeated after 10 days.

Most folk remedies are used 1-3 times a day in courses of 20-30 days. Herbal home remedies last longer because they have a milder effect than medications, but are safer for the body, especially in the presence of concomitant diseases of the intestines and stomach. Treatment should be accompanied by gymnastics: lifting the legs, squatting. Intensive walking for 15-30 minutes a day is recommended.

Complications of prostatitis

In the absence of timely and adequate treatment, prostatitis can be complicated by the following conditions:

• development of chronic prostatitis;
• bladder obstruction;
• development of infertility;
• recurrent cystitis;
• narrowing of the urethra;
• pyelonephritis;
• prostate abscess;
• sepsis.

Some of the above conditions require urgent surgical intervention!

Prevention measures

Prevention is the prevention of provocative factors. A healthy lifestyle, safe sex and having a partner will reduce the risk of infection of the genitourinary system. Strengthening the body as a whole and increasing the immune system is also a preventive measure for prostatitis.